Microsoft PowerPoint - [digital_image_lecture.ppt]
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Outline Slides
1 The Digital Image
Properties and Performance
2 What Is a Digital Image?
3 Phénoménotechnique
4 The Image as Event
5 Questions
The Digital Image:
Properties and Performance
Lecture 7 — Image Ontology in Electronic Media
Dr. H. Wiesner
Department of Philosophy & Media Theory
Universität Konstanz

Wintersemester 1997/98
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Microsoft PowerPoint - [digital_image_lecture.ppt]
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OutlineSlides
1 The Digital Image
2 What Is a Digital Image?
Wrong question: where
Duplicates ≠ identical
Produced, not shown
3 Phénoménotechnique
4 The Image as Event
5 Questions
What Is a Digital Image?
  • Asking where the image is is the wrong question
    • Not in the file, not on the disk, not on the screen
  • Bit-exact duplicates are not visually identical
    • Same file → different screen → different image
  • No one has ever seen the file
    • What we call "the image" is already an interpretation
  • Obsolescence is built in
    • The image depends on a stack that decays
  • To see a digital image twice
    is to produce it twice
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Microsoft PowerPoint - [digital_image_lecture.ppt]
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OutlineSlides
1 The Digital Image
2 What Is a Digital Image?
3 Phénoménotechnique
Bachelard (1934)
Instruments produce phenomena
Applied to digital images
4 The Image as Event
5 Questions
Phénoménotechnique
Gaston Bachelard, Le nouvel esprit scientifique (1934)
"Scientific instruments are in no sense extensions of the senses.
They are, rather, materialised theories."
— Bachelard, 1934
  • Instruments do not reveal phenomena — they produce them
  • Applied to digital images:
    • The screen does not display an image that exists elsewhere
    • The screen produces the image in the act of rendering
  • The image does not pre-exist the screen
    • It comes into being on it, through it, because of it
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Microsoft PowerPoint - [digital_image_lecture.ppt]
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OutlineSlides
1 The Digital Image
2 What Is a Digital Image?
3 Phénoménotechnique
4 The Image as Event
Not object but occurrence
Cannot be preserved
Context-dependency
5 Questions
The Image as Event
  • Every digital image is an event rather than an object
    • An occurrence, not a substance
  • If the image is an occurrence, it cannot be preserved
    • It can only be re-called, re-rendered, re-performed
  • Change the browser → change the image
  • Change the resolution → change the image
  • Change the year → change the image
"The image as rendered is always already the image
in its moment of technical instantiation."
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Microsoft PowerPoint - [digital_image_lecture.ppt]
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Times New Roman
24
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I
U
S
OutlineSlides
1 The Digital Image
2 What Is a Digital Image?
3 Phénoménotechnique
4 The Image as Event
5 Questions
For discussion
Questions for Discussion
  • If every rendering is unique, what does "the same image" mean?
  • Can a digital image be an original?
    • Or is every instance always already a copy?
  • What does it mean to "archive" something that only exists in the act of being displayed?
  • Is the file the image, or is the rendering the image?
Next week: The Wayback Machine and the ontology of the archive
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